Total Quality Management

161. Suppose box A contains 4 red and 5 blue coins and box B contains 6 red and 3 blue coins. A coin is chosen at random from the box A and placed in box B. Finally, a coin is chosen at random from among those now in box B. What is the probability a blue coin was transferred from box A to box B given that the coin chosen from box B is red?

  1. 15/29
  2. 14/29
  3. 1/2
  4. 7/10
Correct answer: (A)
15/29

162. The value of Var(3 - 4X) is:

  1. 5120 / 9
  2. 1280 / 81
  3. 5120 / 81
  4. 1280 / 9
Correct answer: (C)
5120 / 81

163. A multiple-choice test has 30 questions. There are 4 choices for each question. A student who has not studied for the test decides to answer all the questions randomly by guessing the answer to each question. Which of the following probability distributions can be used to calculate the student's chance of getting at least 20 questions right?

  1. Exponential
  2. Normal
  3. Poisson
  4. Binomial
Correct answer: (D)
Binomial

164. Which of the following is NOT true about the standard error of a statistic?

  1. The standard error measures, roughly, the average difference between the statistic and the population parameter.
  2. The standard error is the estimated standard deviation of the sampling distribution for the statistic.
  3. The standard error can never be a negative number.
  4. The standard error increases as the sample size(s) increases.
Correct answer: (D)
The standard error increases as the sample size(s) increases.

165. A two-tailed test is one where:

  1. results in only one direction can lead to rejection of the null hypothesis
  2. negative sample means lead to rejection of the null hypothesis
  3. results in either of two directions can lead to rejection of the null hypothesis
  4. no results lead to the rejection of the null hypothesis
Correct answer: (C)
results in either of two directions can lead to rejection of the null hypothesis

166. The chi-square test can be too sensitive if the sample is:

  1. very small
  2. very large
  3. homogeneous
  4. predictable
Correct answer: (B)
very large

167. The treatment mean square (MSTR), Mean Square Error (MSE). If the true means of the k populations are equal, then MSTR/MSE should be:

  1. more than 1.00
  2. a positive number close to 1.00
  3. a positive number close to 0.00
  4. a negative value between 0.00 and - 1.00
Correct answer: (B)
a positive number close to 1.00

168. The error deviations within the residual sum of squares (SSE) statistic measure distances:

  1. within groups
  2. between groups
  3. between each value and the grand mean
  4. none of these
Correct answer: (A)
within groups

169. In one-way ANOVA, which of the following is used within the F-ratio as a measurement of the variance of individual observations?

  1. The Sum of Square of Treatments (SSTR)
  2. The Treatment Mean Square (MSTR)
  3. The Residual Sum of Squares (SSE)
  4. The Mean Sum of Squares (MSE)
Correct answer: (C)
The Residual Sum of Squares (SSE)

170. You obtained a significant test statistic when comparing three treatments in a one-way ANOVA. In words, how would you interpret the alternative hypothesis H(a)?

  1. All three treatments have different effects on the mean response.
  2. Exactly two of the three treatments have the same effect on the mean response.
  3. At least two treatments are different from each other in terms of their effect on the mean
  4. response.
  5. None of these
Correct answer: (C)
At least two treatments are different from each other in terms of their effect on the mean response.
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