Total Quality Management

201. Assume the cholesterol levels in a certain population have mean μ = 200 and standard deviation σ = 24. The cholesterol levels for a random sample of n = 9 individuals are measured and the sample mean x-bar is determined. What is the z-score for a sample mean x = 180?

  1. -3.75
  2. -2.50
  3. -0.83
  4. 2.50
Correct answer: (D)
-2.50

202. In hypothesis testing, a Type 2 error occurs when

  1. The null hypothesis is not rejected when the null hypothesis is true.
  2. The null hypothesis is rejected when the null hypothesis is true.
  3. The null hypothesis is not rejected when the alternative hypothesis is true.
  4. The null hypothesis is rejected when the alternative hypothesis is true.
Correct answer: (C)
The null hypothesis is not rejected when the alternative hypothesis is true.

203. Student's t-statistic is applicable in case of:

  1. Equal number of samples
  2. Unequal number of samples
  3. Small samples
  4. All of the above
Correct answer: (D)
All of the above

204. Which of the following assumptions must be met to use an ANOVA?

  1. There is only one dependent variable
  2. The data must be normally distributed
  3. There is homogeneity of variance
  4. All of these
Correct answer: (D)
All of these

205. Which of the following is an assumption of one-way ANOVA comparing samples from three'or more experimental treatments?

  1. All the response variables within the k populations follow Normal distributions.
  2. The samples associated with each population are randomly selected and are independent from all other samples.
  3. The response variable within each of the k populations has equal variances.
  4. All of the above.
Correct answer: (D)
All of the above.

206. When conducting a one-way ANOVA, the ______________ the between-treatment variability is when compared to the within-treatment variability, the ______________ the F-Value calculated from the data will tend to be.

  1. smaller, larger
  2. smaller, smaller
  3. larger, larger
  4. smaller, larger
Correct answer: (B)
smaller, smaller

207. You carried out an ANOVA on a preliminary sample of data. You then collected additional data from the same groups; the difference being that the sample sizes for each group were increased by a factor of 10, and the within-group variability has decreased substantially. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

  1. The degrees of freedom associated with the error term has increased
  2. The degrees of freedom associated with the treatment term has increased
  3. The Residual Sum of Squares (SSE) has decreased
  4. The F-Value calculated from the data (F-Value) has changed
Correct answer: (B)
The degrees of freedom associated with the treatment term has increased

208. In the two-factor, between subjects (or two-way) ANOVA:

  1. the three F tests always have the same power to reject the null hypothesis.
  2. the test for an interaction always has more power than the test for a main effect.
  3. the power of the F test is not necessarily increased by having larger samples.
  4. the three F tests do not always have the same power to reject the null hypothesis.
Correct answer: (D)
the three F tests do not always have the same power to reject the null hypothesis.

209. A ______________ effect(s) analysis examines mean differences at each level of the independent variable.

  1. main
  2. simple main
  3. interaction
  4. simple interaction
Correct answer: (B)
simple main

210. Factorial designs allow us to study both ______________ effects of the independent variables on the dependent variables.

  1. main and interactive
  2. dependent and independent
  3. symbiotic and dichotomous
  4. rank order and correlation
Correct answer: (A)
main and interactive
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